[2016] FWC 4989 [Note: An appeal pursuant to s.604 (C2016/4915 was lodged against this decision and the order arising from this decision - refer to Full Bench decisions dated 28 September 2016 [[2016] FWCFB 6892] and 23 January 2017 [[2017] FWCFB 500] for result of appeal.]
FAIR WORK COMMISSION

DECISION


Fair Work Act 2009

s.365—General protections

Karren Hazledine
v
Kirk Wakerley and Ben Giddings
(C2016/264)

DEPUTY PRESIDENT KOVACIC

MELBOURNE, 26 JULY 2016

Application to deal with contraventions involving dismissal - whether application prohibited by s.725 - application dismissed.

[1] On 10 February 2016 Ms Karren Hazeldine (the Applicant) made a general protections application under s.365 of the Fair Work Act 2009 (the Act) alleging that Mr Kirk Wakerley and Mr Ben Giddings (the Respondents) had contravened ss.362 and 550 of the Act in relation to the termination of her employment on 21 January 2016 by Arthur J. Gallagher Australia & Co (Aus) Pty Ltd (AJG).

[2] AJG in its Form 8A – Response to general protections application raised a jurisdictional objection, contending that in making her general protections application Ms Hazeldine had breached the prohibition against multiple actions or complaints set out in s.725 of the Act as she had also made a complaint to the Australian Human Rights Commission (AHRC) in relation to her dismissal. AJG further contended that Ms Hazeldine’s application should therefore be dismissed.

[3] AJG’s jurisdictional objection was listed for conference/hearing by the Fair Work Commission (the Commission) on 23 February 2016. However that date was vacated at the request of the parties to enable private mediation to occur in respect of Ms Hazeldine’s general protections application and AHRC complaint. Unfortunately, mediation failed to resolve the issues in dispute and on 10 May 2016 AJG sought a relisting of the matter. A Directions conference was convened by the Commission on 13 May 2016, with Directions and revised Directions issued on 16 May 2016 requiring the parties to file an outline of submissions and any evidentiary material they intended to rely upon.

[4] AJG’s jurisdictional objection was heard on 1 June 2016. At the hearing, Mr Michael Harmer appeared with permission for Ms Hazeldine, while Ms Rebecca Nelson appeared with permission for the Respondent. Following that hearing and as explained below, further Directions were issued on 2 June 2016.

[5] For the reasons set out below, I have concluded that Ms Hazeldine’s general protections application was both made after her AHRC complaint had been made and in relation to her dismissal. As such, s.725 of the Act operated as a bar to Ms Hazeldine’s general protections application being made because her AHRC complaint is a complaint made by her under another law in relation to her dismissal and it had not been withdrawn nor failed for want of jurisdiction within the meaning of s.732. Ms Hazeldine’s general protections application is therefore dismissed because it was prohibited by s.725 of the Act.

Background

[6] As previously noted, Ms Hazeldine lodged her general protections application on 10 February 2016. Ms Hazeldine responded yes at Item 1.5 of her application which asks “Have you made another claim to the Commission or to any other organisation in relation to your dismissal (eg an unfair dismissal claim)?” Ms Hazeldine further stated at Item 1.5 of her application that:

[7] The attached Schedule referred to in Ms Hazledine’s response at Item 1.5 of her application states, among other things, that:

[8] Also attached to Ms Hazeldine’s application is a copy of her complaint to the Australian Human Rights Commission (AHRC) 1. That complaint is dated 9 February 2016, though the covering letter forwarding the complaint to the AHRC is dated 10 February 2016. The letter attached to Ms Hazeldine’s AHRC complaint states, inter alia, that:

[9] That letter also states that Ms Hazeldine “seeks to rely on legal position set out in Parts 7 and 8 of the Letter of Demand.” 2 The Letter of Demand states at Part 7 that:

The statutory framework

[10] Chapter 6 of the Act contains provisions dealing with multiple actions. Part 6-1, Division 3, Subdivision B of that Chapter contains provisions aimed at preventing multiple actions relating to a dismissal. So far as is relevant to this application, those provisions are as follows:

727 General protections FWC applications

732 Applications and complaints under other laws

The Respondent’s case

[11] AJG submitted that both Ms Hazeldine’s general protections application and AHRC complaint relate to her dismissal, adding that the relationship was direct and real and not tenuous or remote. In support of that contention, AJG relied on the following:

[12] AJG further submitted that in a vain attempt to avoid the intended operation of the provisions of the Act prohibiting double dipping, Ms Hazeldine had proceeded against different respondents in her general protections application and her AHRC complaint, adding that the naming of different parties was irrelevant as the focus was not on the parties to those applications. AJG reiterated that both Ms Hazeldine’s general protections application and AHRC complaint were made in relation to her dismissal. As a result, AJG contended that the Commission does not have jurisdiction to deal with Ms Hazeldine’s general protections application and that the application should therefore be dismissed.

[13] As to Ms Hazeldine’s allegation of accessorial liability against the Respondents, AJG submitted that the cause of action against the Respondents is bound to fail and ought to be dismissed because without joining AJG to the general protections application there can be no finding of a contravention of the civil remedy provision that the Respondents were involved in.

The Applicant’s case

[14] Ms Hazeldine contended that her general protections application is not one in relation to her dismissal in the relevant sense. Ms Hazeldine further contended that her application was not brought against her former employer, AJG, but against two individuals neither of whom employed her. To that end, Ms Hazeldine submitted that her general protections application did not fit within the description of an application or complaint in relation to her dismissal and it follows that s.725 of the Act did not prevent her from bringing the application. Ms Hazeldine further submitted that the fact that her general protections application was brought against different respondents to her AHRC complaint was found to preclude a jurisdictional impediment in Krongold v Leibowitz 4 (Krongold) and that her general protections application and AHRC complaint seek different forms of relief.

[15] As to the issue of accessorial liability, Ms Hazeldine relied on a number of authorities submitted that accessorial liability may be found without the primary contravener being party to the action. The authorities relied on by Ms Hazeldine in this regard included Australian Competition and Consumer Commission v Black on White Pty Ltd 5 and Fair Work Ombudsman v Centennial Financial Services Pty Ltd6.

The hearing and ensuing developments

[16] At the hearing it was contended on behalf of Ms Hazeldine that her general protections application was lodged prior to her AHRC complaint. The following extract from the transcript deals with this aspect of Ms Hazeldine’s submissions.

[17] Ms Hazeldine’s contention in this regard generated an exchange of views as to the implications of and how to deal with that contention, the outcome of which, as previously alluded to, was that the Commission issued further Directions on 2 June 2016. Those Directions provided as follows:

[18] On 6 June 2016 Ms Hazeldine’s representative, Mr Harmer, emailed the Commission regarding the abovementioned Directions. Among other things, the email stated that:

[19] The Respondents’ legal representative, Mr Brendan Charles, emailed the Commission late on 6 June 2016 stating, inter alia, that:

[20] Mr Harmer responded on 14 June 2016 stating among other things that:

Consideration of the issues

[21] In Birch v Wesco Electrics (1966) Pty Ltd 8 (Birch) Federal Magistrate Lucev stated that:

[22] Against that background, there are two threshold issues which the Commission needs to determine in this matter. First, whether Ms Hazeldine made her general protections application after making her AHRC complaint and, second, whether her general protections application was made in relation to her dismissal.

[23] Dealing with the first issue, the material before the Commission is:

Ms Hazeldine’s submission at the hearing that her general protections application was made prior to her AHRC complaint; and

the email of 6 June 2016 from Ms Hazeldine’s representative which states, inter alia, that “the difference in timing is very slight and only a matter of a few minutes”.

[24] Beyond the above, I note that Ms Hazeldine did not dispute the Respondent’s submission as outlined in the second dot point above in her Applicant’s Submissions in Reply to the Outline of the Respondents’ Submissions. Rather, Ms Hazeldine sought in her submissions to highlight the different respondents cited in her general protections application and AHRC complaint.

[25] Further, with regard to the last two points above, no evidentiary material was led by Ms Hazeldine to support her contention that her general protections application was lodged prior to her AHRC complaint, despite the Commission’s Directions of 2 June 2016 providing her with the opportunity to share with the Respondents in draft form “the evidence to be relied on in relation to the timing of lodging of applications with the Commission and with the Australian Human Rights Commission.” Based on Mr Harmer’s email of 6 June 2016, it appears that for whatever reason Ms Hazeldine instructed him not to file and serve any evidence on this issue. Clearly, had Ms Hazeldine wished to press her submission in this regard she should have filed evidence to support that submission. In the absence of any such evidentiary material her submission amounts to little more than an unsubstantiated assertion to which no weight can be attached in the circumstances. Finally, I also note Mr Harmer’s concession in his email of 14 June 2016 that “the matter is to proceed on the assumption that the AHRC Complaint was filed first.”

[26] The only probative material therefore before the Commission regarding this issue is Ms Hazeldine’s application, which as noted above states at Item 1.5 that at the time she made her general protections application she had made a claim to the AHRC in respect of her dismissal.

[27] This supports a finding that Ms Hazeldine’s general protections application was made after her AHRC complaint had been made.

[28] I turn now to the second threshold issue referred to above, i.e. whether Ms Hazeldine’s general protections application was made in relation to her dismissal. Ms Hazeldine’s submission on this issue is best reflected in the following extract from the transcript of the hearing on 1 June 2016:

[29] In short, Ms Hazeldine argues that because only AJG could have dismissed her, her general protections application is not “in relation to the dismissal” as required by s.725 because the Respondents could not have dismissed her as they were not her employer. Ms Hazeldine relied on the decision of Commissioner Ryan in David Jobson v JB Hi Fi Group Pty Ltd & Ors 12 (Jobson) in support of her submission in the regard. However, I note that in Jobson the existence of the jurisdictional fact of dismissal was in issue13 whereas in this case it was not disputed that Ms Hazeldine had been dismissed.

[30] Lucev FM also considered the meaning of “in relation to” in Birch and observed that:

[31] Lucev FM went on to determine as follows:

[32] Applying the approach adopted by Lucev FM in Birch, the material before the Commission indicates that both Ms Hazeldine’s general protections application and AHRC complaint rely on the background facts and particulars set out in her Letter of Demand of 21 December 2015 16.

[33] I note also that the resolution (or remedies) sought by Ms Hazeldine in respect of her general protections application and her AHRC are almost identical as indicated by the following table:

[34] Further, the Schedule to Ms Hazeldine’s general protections application states:

[35] In essence paragraph 2.2 of the Schedule characterises both Mr Wakerley and Mr Giddings as accessories to AJG’s decision to terminate Ms Hazeldine’s employment, i.e. dismiss her, while Part 6 of the Letter of Demand points to Ms Hazeldine alleging in her general protections application that AJG contravened the general protections provisions of the Act.

[36] While Ms Hazeldine correctly referred in her submissions to the decision in Krongold, I would note that Deputy President Gooley found in Krongold that:

[37] However, what differentiates this matter from the circumstances in Krongold is that, as previously noted, the Letter of Demand attached to Ms Hazeldine’s AHRC complaint alleges at Part 7.1 that “Mr Wakerley and Mr Giddings have engaged in contraventions of the SD Act”. The Letter of Demand points to both Mr Wakerley and Mr Giddings being captured by Ms Hazeldine’s AHRC complaint regarding her dismissal.

[38] Taken together, the above analysis supports a finding that the relationship between Ms Hazeldene’s general protections application and AHRC complaint is direct and real and, drawing on the language in Birch, not tenuous or remote. In other words, Ms Hazeldine’s general protections application was an application “in relation to the dismissal” as per s.725 of the Act.

[39] Against that background, I find that Ms Hazelton had made a complaint in relation to her dismissal under a law of the Commonwealth prior to lodging her general protections application. Accordingly, the Respondents jurisdictional objection is upheld.

[40] In those circumstances and as agreed at the hearing 19, it is not necessary for the Commission to determine the accessorial liability issue.

Conclusion

[41] For all the above reasons, I have concluded that Ms Hazeldine’s general protections application was both made after her AHRC complaint had been made and in relation to her dismissal. As such, s.725 of the Act operated as a bar to Ms Hazeldine’s general protections application being made because her AHRC complaint is a complaint made by her under another law in relation to her dismissal and it had not been withdrawn nor failed for want of jurisdiction within the meaning of s.732. Ms Hazeldine’s general protections application is therefore dismissed because it was prohibited by s.725 of the Act. An order dismissing Ms Hazeldine’s application will issued in conjunction with this decision.

al of the Fair Work Commission with member's signature

Appearances:

M. Harmer for the Applicant.

R. Nelson for the Respondent.

Hearing details:

2016.

Melbourne:

June 1.

 1   Form F8 – General Protections Application Involving Dismissal at Attachment B to Schedule to General Protections Application

 2   Ibid at 3.1of the attached letter

 3   Ibid at Part 7.1 of Attachment B to Schedule to General Protections Application

 4   [2013] FWC 3738

 5   (2001) 110 FCR 1 at [51]

 6   (2010) 245 FLR 242

 7   Transcript at PN135-137

 8   (2012) 218 IR 67

 9   Ibid at 61-63

 10   Outline of the Respondents’ Submissions at paragraph 28.d.

 11   Transcript at PN169

 12   [2014] FWC 1155

 13   Ibid at [36]

 14   (2012) 218 IR 67 at 74-75

 15   Ibid at 84-86

 16   See Schedule to General Protections Application at paragraph 1.2 and paragraph 1.2 of the covering letter of 10 February 2016 to Ms Hazeldine’s AHRC complaint

 17   Schedule to General Protections Application at paragraph 4.1

 18   Covering letter of 10 February 2016 to Ms Hazeldine’s AHRC complaint at paragraph 4.2

 19   Transcript at PN 48 and PN61

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